Introduction to Net Zero Targets

The concept of net zero emerged rapidly after the IPCC's 1.5°C report, with its adoption expanding from one-sixth to 90% of global GDP within years. Initially, policy aligned with the scientific consensus that emissions must balance with removals by sinks. Pledges then dominated the discourse, but the current phase emphasises integrity and actual implementation of net zero commitments. Net zero requires clear intent and robust planning, followed by genuine, immediate action. Credibility demands setting and meeting interim targets, transparency in progress, and advocacy aligned with climate action. Accountability frameworks are evolving, with entities like the UN and Race to Zero defining best practices. While scepticism exists, with criticisms of strategic deflection and vague commitments, net zero remains essential for climate stabilisation, driving collective action towards reducing emissions, and ultimately, transitioning to climate positivity to reverse overshooting climate targets.